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Why The Debate Over Personal Genomics Is a False One

May 21st, 2010

I appeared on KQED’s Forum show this morning to discuss this whole Walgreen’s/Pathway Genomics fallout. Here’s a link to the show:


And here are some quick thoughts:

The controversy seems to have stirred the FDA to assert its authority – and that of physicians – over any and all medical metrics. As readers of The Decision Tree know, I have little patience for the argument that we need doctors as gatekeepers of our genetic information. This isn’t a drug, and this isn’t a device – it’s information about ourselves, as ordinary as our hair color or our waist size or our blood pressure – all things that we can measure and consider without a doctor’s permission.

I’m amazed, in many ways, that this discussion continues to be perpetuated in terms of “can people handle the truth?” – because that line of argument is flawed in so many ways. I’ll offer a few: 1) People are more capable of handling genetic information (and other health information) than they’re given credit for. 2) Most doctors aren’t experts in genetics anyways. 3) If you wait for doctors to give us this information, we’ll be waiting for something like 17 years. 4) This is our information, about us, and we own it as much as we own our thoughts and our values. 5) We may want to ask doctors or genetic counselors about what our DNA means – I’m not saying it’s easy to understand – but that’s entirely our choice.

I’m sincerely fearful that, now with Congress deciding it wants to inspect this stuff, that the FDA will feel obligated to regulate and shut us off from what is rightfully ours. To me, getting access to this information is a civil rights issue. It’s our data.

Some in the government see things clearly here. Donald Berwick, President Obama’s nominee to run CMS – the agency that oversees Medicare and Medicaid – has defended the rights of patients to own their information. The FDA is now run by the well-regarded Peggy Hamburg, who I have only heard great things about; in a brief conversation with her last year, I was struck by her fair-mindedness and belief in the ideals of transparency and greater consumer empowerment. My hope is that she sees the light here. She’s written about how the FDA is a public-health agency, particularly in terms of “risk communication”; well, one of the reasons we communicate risks is to allow people to take responsibility and act in ways to minimize our risks. It’s the basis of preventive health. That’s precisely the potential of personal genomics, and to squash that would have a net effect of undermining the public’s health.

The FDA doesn’t have to use regulation like a hammer to squash innovation and the opportunity for people to use genetics to take control of their health. They can help foster innovation and issue some basic guidelines that recognizes information is a powerful tool, and one that rejects intermediation and paternalism.

I’m crossing my fingers.

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  1. May 21st, 2010 at 17:29 | #1

    Current debate on personal genomics has focused heavily on the need to protect consumers from direct to consumer genetic testing companies. Although on the surface this seems a legitimate concern it’s really a secondary debate. The first issue is whether or not the US government will recognize personal genetic information as the private property of the individual. The issues of rights and responsibilities regarding the use, interpretation, and financial gains/losses regarding personal genetic data stem from the initial determination of ownership.

    If the US government forces personal genetic data into a person’s medical records to “protect” consumers….then they’ve effectively given away the individuals rights to their DNA to their health provider and insurance company. To say the individuals right to genetic privacy can be negated because of a lack of infrastructure for managing the flow of information regarding the interpretation of personal genetic data is short sighted. Issues of security, methods and processes for assessing the interpretation of genetic data as well as who’s qualified to transmit and receive information can be mitigated largely by software code. What’s needed is an investment in the infrastructure necessary to facilitate the privatization of genetic data (meaning keeping personal genetic data private).

  2. May 21st, 2010 at 17:42 | #2

    Here’s a suggestion on how the Direct to Consumer Genetic Testing industry could self-regulate http://bit.ly/5Jhvce @dnatimes

  3. May 22nd, 2010 at 04:21 | #3

    Tom,
    Your debate straw man is not the debate. The debate is, is this medicine or not. I think it is.

    As far as personal data goes.

    Isn’t a cholesterol level your own data? What about an EKG?

    You have a right to your sequence. An EKG is essentially useless without intepretation. The same with the genome and you know that.

    It is the interpretation that is regulated and rightfully so.

    Steven Murphy MD

  4. May 22nd, 2010 at 12:13 | #4

    Tom,
    you are wrong http://bit.ly/afZ19B

  5. May 22nd, 2010 at 12:25 | #5

    Steve, I think your definition of straw man is off – think of it this way: If the FDA decides that these companies need regulation and cannot offer their services without a physician’s oversight – which is what the end-game is here – then that has the effect of impeding me from getting acces to my data. Simple as that. No straw man there whatsoever.

    Second, you’ve been yourself on the record for several years saying that the public can’t handle this information, and needs the oversight of a physician – such as yourself or your company – to provide these services. That’s a fine position; it serves your interests and I understand that. But saying, as you do in your post, that you’re “not going to stand for” hearing otherwise shows, to me, the thinness of your premise. You feign outrage. The FDA may take your bait, I don’t know. But over the longer term, history shows that the gatekeepers will be routed around, in due time.

  6. May 23rd, 2010 at 17:01 | #6

    Isn’t the sequencing company a middle man too?

    Why would you support that?

    I think that there is a big difference between biometric data and the interpretation of that data.

    If you want your sequence and feel that it is your civil right, then why am I impeding you? Maybe the sequencing company is serving as your gatekeeper?

    I don’t like your argument against doctors. Doctors are facing attacks from all sides, insurers, lawyers, the government. You seem to just be joining the bandwagon here Thomas.

    Doctors swear to heal and do no harm. Companies do not. I distrust your trust for companies and disdain for physicians.

    Why do you think we want to keep your data from you Thomas?

    I give all my patients their labs and notes when they ask. What is your hang up here? Go buy a damn sequencer and get your data.

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